Annals of Medical and Surgical Dermatology

ABSTRACT

Fungal infections have become a decreasingly current public health concern, with the rise of antifungal resistance posing significant challenges to effective treatment. The mechanisms of fungal resistance are multifaceted, involving inheritable mutations, efflux pump overexpression, altered medicine targets, and biofilm conformation. These factors, combined with a limited number of effective antifungal agents, particularly for resistant strains, complicate treatment rules and lead to poor clinical issues. also, individual limitations, delayed remedy, and side goods of antifungal medicines further complicate the issue. To optimize antifungal treatments, strategies similar as combination remedy, antifungal stewardship programs, and substantiated drug are pivotal in prostrating resistance. Arising antifungal agents, including new medicine classes, nanotechnology- grounded phrasings, and immunotherapy, offer promising druthers to combat resistant fungal pathogens. This review explores the current challenges in antifungal remedy, evaluates implicit strategies for perfecting treatment issues, and discusses unborn directions in the development of new antifungal agents.

Article History

Received 15 November 2024;Revised 05 December 2024;Accepted 11 December 2024

KEYWORDS

1. Fungal infections
2. Antifungal resistance
3. Mechanisms of resistance
4. Efflux pumps
5. Biofilm formation
6. Antifungal stewardship
7. Combination therapy